The role of the immune system in tumor elimination has been shown to be increasingly
ambiguous, as many tumors not only escape recognition by the adaptive immune response …

Metabolic reprogramming and immune evasion are two hallmarks of cancer. Metabolic
reprogramming is exemplified by cancer's propensity to utilize glucose at an exponential …

Cancer cells and immune cells all undergo remarkably metabolic reprogramming during the
oncogenesis and tumor immunogenic killing processes. The increased dependency on …

In the past few years, the evolution of immunotherapy has resulted in a shift in cancer
treatment models. However, with immunosuppressive effects of the tumour …

Abstract In 2011, Hanahan and Weinberg added “Deregulating Cellular Energetics” and
“Avoiding Immune Destruction” to the six previous hallmarks of cancer. Since this seminal …

The overlapping metabolic reprogramming of cancer and immune cells is a putative
determinant of the antitumor immune response in cancer. Increased evidence suggests that …

Increased glucose metabolism and uptake are characteristic of many tumors and used
clinically to diagnose and monitor cancer progression. In addition to cancer cells, the tumor …

The promising results of immunotherapy in tumors have changed the current treatment
modality for cancer. However, the remarkable responses are limited to a minority of patients …

Tumor-induced immune tolerance permits growth and spread of malignant cells. Cancer
cells have strong influence on surrounding cells and shape the hypoxic tumor …

Malignant tumors exhibit rapid growth and high metabolic rates, similar to embryonic stem
cells, and depend on aerobic glycolysis, known as the “Warburg effect”. This understanding …