Objectives: We described the demographic and clinical profiles of patients with carotid-
cavernous fistula (CCF), determined the prevalence of increased intraocular pressure (IOP) …

Purpose: To study the IOP profile of the eyes of patients with a CCF, treatment outcomes for
elevated IOP, and intereye IOP asymmetry in the eyes with normal IOP. Methods: This was a …

Carotid cavernous fistulas (CCFs) can be classified as direct and indirect, depending on
their flow rates and their etiology. Both forms can cause the same characteristic …

Background A carotid-cavernous sinus fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication
between the internal carotid artery and/or the external carotid artery and the cavernous …

Introduction Indirect carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) can lead to secondary glaucoma,
posing significant treatment challenges. This paper discusses a case where standard …

Carotid cavernous fistulas (CCF) are vascular communications between the carotid artery
and the cavernous sinus. Ophthalmologists are called to diagnose and manage the …

Introduction This case report presents the pressure-lowering effect of transluminal fistula
occlusion in a patient suffering from secondary glaucoma due to carotid cavernous fistula …

PURPOSE: To study the frequency of ocular manifestations and the prognosis of secondary
glaucoma in cases of carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF). METHODS: A retrospective …

Background Carotid cavernous sinus fistulas (CSCF) are pathological connections of the
internal and/or external carotid artery (and/or its branches) to the cavernous sinus …

Introduction Carotid-Cavernous Fistulas (CCF) can be diagnostically challenging due to
their diverse clinical presentations. Due to its anatomical location and the critical structures …