Cohen's kappa coefficient, κ, is a statistical measure of inter-rater agreement or inter-
annotator agreement for qualitative items. In this paper, we focus on interval estimation of κ …

Cohen's kappa statistic is a very well known measure of agreement between two raters with
respect to a dichotomous outcome. Several expressions for its asymptotic variance have …

Cohen's kappa coefficient is a commonly used method for estimating interrater agreement
for nominal and/or ordinal data; thus agreement is adjusted for that expected by chance. The …

In the medical sciences, studies are often designed to assess the agreement between
different raters or different instruments. The kappa coefficient is a popular index of …

Assessing the inter-rater agreement between observers, in the case of ordinal variables, is
an important issue in both the statistical theory and biomedical applications. Typically, this …

Agreement between a pair of raters for binary outcome data is typically assessed by using
the κ-coefficient. When the total sample size is small to moderate, and the proportion of …

Agreement between raters on a categorical scale is not only a subject of scientific research
but also a problem frequently encountered in practice. Whenever a new scale is developed …

Although the kappa statistic is widely used in measuring interrater agreement, it is known
that the standard confidence interval estimation behaves poorly in small samples and for …

Cornfield's test-based method of setting a confidence interval on a parameter associated
with a two-by-two contingency table is adapted for use with the measure of agreement …

When there are confounders in reliability studies, failing to stratify data to account for these
confounding effects may produce a misleading estimate of the interrater agreement. In this …