The interest in studying neuroimmune interactions is increasing in the scientific community,
and for many researchers, immunity is becoming a crucial factor in the understanding of the …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder clinically defined by
motor instability, bradykinesia, and resting tremors. The clinical symptomatology is seen …

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disease, is
characterized by a gradual, irreversible degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic …

Pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is undoubtedly a multifactorial phenomenon, with
diverse etiological agents. Pro-inflammatory mediators act as a skew that directs disease …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, age-related, progressive multisystem disease
associated with neuroinflammation and immune dysfunction. This review discusses the …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease affecting
approximately 1.6% of the population over 60 years old. The cardinal motor symptoms are …

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects peripheral
organs as well as the central nervous system and involves a fundamental role of …

The hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is a specific degeneration of dopaminergic
neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). The cause of nigral dopaminergic neuronal cell death …

Neuroinflammation is one of the most significant factors involved in the initiation and
progression of Parkinson's disease. PD is a neurodegenerative disorder with a motor …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the
selective destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the mesencephalon. Other major …