Intestinal homeostasis depends on complex interactions between the microbiota, the
intestinal epithelium and the host immune system. Diverse regulatory mechanisms …

Recent advances have provided substantial insight into the maintenance of mucosal
immunity and the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Cellular programs …

Recently, substantial advances in the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been made owing to three related lines of …

The gastrointestinal tract is the largest immune interface with the environment. Exposure to
large numbers of dietary and microbial antigens requires complex and highly regulated …

The mammalian intestinal tract harbors a diverse community of trillions of microorganisms,
which have co-evolved with the host immune system for millions of years. Many of these …

The intestinal microbiome is a signalling hub that integrates environmental inputs, such as
diet, with genetic and immune signals to affect the host's metabolism, immunity and …

The intestine and its immune system have evolved to meet the extraordinary task of
maintaining tolerance to the largest, most complex and diverse microbial commensal …

Over the past 25 years, substantial advances have been made in our understanding of the
cellular and molecular pathways that are essential to maintain a state of health in the …

Genome-wide association studies have identified risk loci linked to inflammatory bowel
disease (IBD)—a complex chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. The …

Inflammatory bowel disease—a collective term embracing both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's
disease—is a significant health-care problem affecting between 0.1% and 0.2% of the …