Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) is an important human pathogen. A fair estimate
indicates that at least 5–10 million people harbor the virus worldwide (Legrand et al., 2022) …

Human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLVs) are oncogenic human retroviruses. HTLV-1, as the
etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), a rare but highly aggressive …

The Human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLV) belong to Retroviridae family, genus
Deltaretrovirus. Currently they are classified into four types: 1, 2, 3 and 4. The HTLV-1 was …

Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) is an ancient pathogen for human being but arising
and recognized recently. The routes of transmission are vertical (mainly by breastfeeding) …

Background Human T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is endemic among people of
Melanesian descent in Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, and in …

Background: Endemic foci of HTLV-1 carriers have been found in the world, however, the
origin of HTLV-1 in humans is still unclear. Since a distinct type of virus strain was isolated …

We estimated that at least 5–10 million individuals are infected with HTLV-1. Importantly, this
number is based on the study of nearly 1.5 billion people living in known human T-cell …

Even though an estimated 10–20 million people worldwide are infected with the oncogenic
retrovirus, human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), its epidemiology is poorly …

Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) has infected human beings for thousands of years,
but knowledge about the infection and its pathogenesis is only recently emerging. The virus …

Human T-cell lymphotropic viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) were the first human
retroviruses to be described causing diseases in humans; they were isolated in lymphocyte …