Major abiotic stresses such as heat, drought, salinity, heavy metal, light, pesticide, and cold
are considered the great threat for the food and environmental security of the increasing …

Plants are sessile organisms that live under a constant barrage of biotic and abiotic insults.
Both biotic and abiotic stress factors have been shown to affect various aspects of plant …

Polyphenols or plant phenolics are the secondary metabolites which have diverse functions
to mitigate various abiotic (heat, drought, cold, salt or heavy metal) and biotic (bacterial …

Environmental stress is defined as a set of physical and chemical factors of the environment
that are unfavorable to the growth of a plant species, such as high or low temperatures …

Phenolics are ubiquitous secondary metabolites found in plant. They are aromatic
compounds synthesized by phenylpropanoid pathway. Phenolics have been in the focus of …

Abiotic stress is the major threat towards the living world more precisely the plant kingdom
whose development and productivity is negatively hampered. It is considered as the major …

Plants, being sessile in nature, are inept to escape biotic stress that adversely impact their
growth, development, and productivity. Rather, plants employ a variety of processes at the …

In all natural habitats, plants are surrounded by an enormous number of potential enemies
(biotic) and various kinds of abiotic environmental stress. Nearly all ecosystems contain a …

Numerous environmental conditions negatively affect plant production. Abiotic stresses,
such as salinity, drought, temperature, and heavy metals, cause damage at the …

Secondary metabolites (SM) are compounds that are not necessary for a cell (organism) to
live, but play a role in the interaction of the cell (organism) with its environment. These …