Rationale The decrease of astrocyte number and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
overactivity are observed in individuals with major depressive disorder. Elevated levels of …

Glucocorticoids are stress hormones released from the adrenal cortex and their
concentration is controlled by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. In this study, we …

Glucocorticoids are vital stress response hormones and facilitate stress coping. However,
sustained glucocorticoid exposure is associated with negative effects on brain. The precise …

Dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and abnormalities in the
glucocorticoid receptor (GR) have been linked to major depressive disorder. Given the …

Background Major depressive disorder is a devastating psychiatric illness that affects
approximately 17% of the population worldwide. Astrocyte dysfunction has been implicated …

A dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) has been implicated in major
depressive disorder and most commonly used animal models of depression have been …

Long-term exposure to stress or high glucocorticoid levels leads to depression-like behavior
in rodents; however, the cause remains unknown. Increasing evidence shows that …

Long-term exposure to stress or high glucocorticoid levels significantly reduces
hippocampal volume and induces depression-like behavior in rodents; however, the cause …

Since the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and/or mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in the
hippocampus have been implicated in cortisol feedback of the hypothalamus‐pituitary …

Major depression is thought to originate from maladaptation to adverse events, particularly
when impairments occur in mood-related brain regions. Hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal …