African trypanosomosis is a debilitating disease of great medical and socioeconomical
importance. It is caused by strictly extracellular protozoan parasites capable of infecting all …

Salivarian trypanosomes are extracellular parasites that affect humans, livestock, and game
animals around the world. Through co-evolution with the mammalian immune system …

Infection of man and domestic animals with Brucei group African trypanosomes results in a
fatal disease. The immunobiological events that underlie temporal host resistance and …

Parasites, including African trypanosomes, utilize several immune evasion strategies to
ensure their survival and completion of their life cycles within their hosts. The defense factors …

African trypanosomes have been around for more than 100 million years, and have adapted
to survival in a very wide host range. While various indigenous African mammalian host …

The Trypanosomatidae family includes the genera Trypanosoma and Leishmania,
protozoan parasites displaying complex digenetic life cycles requiring a vertebrate host and …

Unlike other protozoan parasites, African trypanosomes never enter the host cell at any
stage of their development. Instead, these parasites swim freely in the immunologically …

African trypanosomes induce severe depression of the host's immune system; suppression
of the immune response to parasite-unrelated antigens and to mitogens has been reported …

The experimental studies of Brucei group trypanosomes presented here demonstrate that
the balance of host and parasite factors, especially IFN-γ GPI-sVSG respectively, and the …

Highlights•The skin is transformed from an initial barrier to a reservoir tissue.•Skin-dwelling
trypanosomes sustain transmission and complicate diagnosis.•Trypanosomes modulate and …