The gastrointestinal tract is the largest immune interface with the environment. Exposure to
large numbers of dietary and microbial antigens requires complex and highly regulated …

The intestinal mucosa allows the residence of trillions of bacteria with which it interacts
dynamically. To establish and maintain a mutually beneficial relationship, the mucosal …

In the intestine, multiple interactions occur with the external world. Thus, the intestinal
mucosal barrier has to tolerate millions of microorganisms that commonly inhabit the gut …

The intestinal immune system defends against pathogens and entry of excessive intestinal
microbes; simultaneously, a state of immune tolerance to resident intestinal microbes must …

The intestine is a unique tissue where an elaborate balance is maintained between
tolerance and immune responses against a variety of environmental factors such as food …

Over the past 25 years, substantial advances have been made in our understanding of the
cellular and molecular pathways that are essential to maintain a state of health in the …

The intestine and its immune system have evolved to meet the extraordinary task of
maintaining tolerance to the largest, most complex and diverse microbial commensal …

The gut is home to our largest collection of microbes. The ability of the immune system to
coevolve with the microbiota during postnatal life allows the host and microbiota to coexist in …

Intestinal inflammation has traditionally been viewed as a process in which effector immune
cells cause the destruction of other mucosal cells that behave as passive bystander targets …

Intestinal homeostasis depends on complex interactions between the microbiota, the
intestinal epithelium and the host immune system. Diverse regulatory mechanisms …