Astroglial scars surround damaged tissue after trauma, stroke, infection, or autoimmune
inflammation in the CNS. They are essential for wound repair, but also interfere with axonal …

The lesion scar formed after CNS injury is an impediment to axonal regeneration and leads
to growth arrest or misrouting of sprouting axons. Our previous study showed that …

Astrocytes play an active role in the brain and spinal cord. For example, they have a function
in formation and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier, ion homeostasis, neurotransmitter …

Astrocytes become reactive in response to spinal cord injury (SCI) and ultimately form a
histologically apparent glial scar at the lesion site. It is controversial whether astrocytic scar …

BACKGROUND: Traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCI) have devastating consequences for the
physical, financial, and psychosocial well-being of patients and their caregivers. Expediently …

Fibrosis is formed after injury in most of the organs as a common and complex response that
profoundly affects regeneration of damaged tissue. In central nervous system (CNS), glial …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in immediate damage followed by a secondary phase of
tissue damage that occurs over a period of several weeks. The mechanisms underlying this …

Damage to the adult CNS often leads to persistent deficits due to the inability of mature
axons to regenerate after injury. Mounting evidence suggests that the glial environment of …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to formation of a fibrotic scar that is inhibitory to axon
regeneration. Recent evidence indicates that the fibrotic scar is formed by perivascular …

The past 20 years has seen the emergence of many exciting and promising experimental
therapeutic strategies to promote regeneration of the injured spinal cord in laboratory …