Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract in
which dysregulated immune responses cause persistent inflammation of the gut mucosa …

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease involving mainly the
colorectal mucosa and submucosa, the incidence of which has been on the rise in recent …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis
(UC), is a heterogeneous state of chronic intestinal inflammation with no exact known cause …

Nuclear factor (NF) κ B is a transcription factor that controls the transcription of a variety of
cellular genes regulating the inflammatory response. Many proinflammatory cytokines are …

Objective Macrophage interleukin (IL)-10 signalling plays a critical role in the maintenance
of a regulatory phenotype that prevents the development of IBD. We have previously found …

Background Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is a major lipid of the gastrointestinal mucus layer.
We recently showed that mucus from patients suffering from ulcerative colitis has low levels …

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was originally described as a protein factor capable of killing
tumor cells in vitro and causing hemorrhagic necrosis of transplantable tumors in mice. 1, 2 …

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) has an established role in the regulation of innate immunity
and inflammation. NF-κB is also involved in critical mechanisms connecting inflammation …

The role of NF-κB in all diseases characterized by an inflammatory process, from cancer to
autoimmune diseases, is known, but—precisely because it is involved in many diseases …

The production of several pro-inflammatory cytokines is increased in inflammatory bowel
diseases (IBD). Experimental models of IBD have further defined the importance of specific …