Why diversification rates vary so extensively across the tree of life remains an important yet
unresolved issue in biology. Two prominent and potentially independent factors proposed to …

Low-elevation regions harbour the majority of the world's species diversity compared to high-
elevation areas. This global gradient suggests that lowland species have had more time to …

Aim Variation in species diversity among different geographical areas may result from
differences in speciation and extinction rates, immigration and time for diversification. An …

Recent analyses suggest that a few major shifts in diversification rate may be enough to
explain most of the disparity in diversity among vertebrate lineages. At least one significant …

Regional variation in clade richness can be vast, reflecting differences in the dynamics of
historical dispersal and diversification among lineages. Although it has been proposed that …

Avian diversification has been influenced by global climate change, plate tectonic
movements, and mass extinction events. However, the impact of these factors on the …

The complex island archipelagoes of Wallacea and Melanesia have provided empirical data
behind integral theories in evolutionary biology, including allopatric speciation and island …

Diversification rates vary greatly among taxa. Understanding how species-specific traits
influence speciation rates will help elucidate mechanisms driving biodiversity over broad …

Aim Species richness is unevenly distributed among clades, reflecting differences in the
extent to which species co‐occur, their rates of geographical turnover and total area …

Understanding geographic variation in the species richness and lineage composition of
regional biotas is a long-standing goal in ecology. Why do some evolutionary lineages …