Filamentous pathogens, such as plant pathogenic fungi and oomycetes, secrete an arsenal
of effector molecules that modulate host innate immunity and enable parasitic infection. It is …

Fungi and oomycetes are filamentous microorganisms that include a diversity of highly
developed pathogens of plants. These are sophisticated modulators of plant processes that …

Filamentous microorganisms, such as fungi and oomycetes, secrete an arsenal of effector
proteins that modulate plant innate immunity and enable parasitic infection. Deciphering the …

The ability to secrete effector proteins that can enter plant cells and manipulate host
processes is a key determinant of what makes a successful plant pathogen. Here, we review …

Pathogenic fungi have diverse growth lifestyles that support fungal colonization on plants.
Successful colonization and infection for all lifestyles depends upon the ability to modify …

Research on effectors secreted by pathogens during host attack has dominated the field of
molecular plant–microbe interactions over recent years. Functional analysis of type III …

The complicated interplay of plant–pathogen interactions occurs on multiple levels as
pathogens evolve to constantly evade the immune responses of their hosts. Many …

Highlights•Pathogens employ versatile effector catalogs to deregulate host
immunity.•Effectors are used by microbes throughout the symbiotic continuum.•Effectors …

Plant pathogenic fungi encode and secrete effector proteins to promote pathogenesis. In
recent years, the important role of effector proteins in fungi and plant host interactions has …

Effectors are molecules used by microbial pathogens to facilitate infection via effector-
triggered susceptibility or tissue necrosis in their host. Much research has been focussed on …