Abstract Background Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) therapy, an approved modality for the
treatment of glioblastoma, is currently being investigated in many other indications. These …

Background Glioblastoma is also called glioblastoma multiforme (or GBM), Grade IV glioma,
or Grade IV astrocytoma. 1 In adults, glioblastoma is the most common primary brain cancer …

Long-standing research on electric and electromagnetic field interactions with biological
cells and their subcellular structures has mainly focused on the low-and high-frequency …

Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are low-intensity, alternating intermediate-frequency (200
kHz) electrical fields that extend survival of glioblastoma patients receiving maintenance …

Cancer is a pernicious and pressing medical problem; moreover, it is a failure of
multicellular morphogenesis that sheds much light on evolutionary developmental biology …

Objective. The treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) using low intensity electric fields (∼ 1 V cm−
1) is being investigated using multiple implanted bioelectrodes, which was termed …

Electric fields impact cellular functions by activation of ion channels or by interfering with cell
membrane integrity. Ion channels can regulate cell cycle and play a role in tumorigenesis …

Glioblastoma is both the most common and most lethal primary CNS malignancy in adults,
accounting for 45.6% of all malignant CNS tumors, with a 5-year survival rate of only 5.0 …

A number of experimental evidences in cell biology and pharmacology demonstrate that
cancer cells, as well as stem and other proliferating cells, exhibit ion channels expression …

As with many cancer treatments, tumor treating fields (TTFields) target rapidly dividing tumor
cells. During mitosis, TTFields-exposed cells exhibit uncontrolled membrane blebbing at the …