As an important environmental pollutant, lead exposure can result in idiopathic
developmental intellectual disability (IDII). However, the latest spatiotemporal patterns …

The effects of lead as a dietary pollutant remain a global public health concern that needs
urgent resolution. Children are highly susceptible to the adverse outcomes of lead pollution …

Background Lead hazards are ubiquitous in the environment, and lead exposure has been
proved to damage human health. Nevertheless, there is limited data on the global burden of …

Objectives Understanding the spatio-temporal patterns of the global burden of various
diseases resulting from lead exposure is critical for controlling lead pollution and disease …

Background Lead exposure (LE) and its attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life years
(DALYs) have declined in the recent decade; however, it remains one of the leading public …

Background Lead exposure is a worldwide health risk despite substantial declines in blood
lead levels following the leaded gasoline phase-out. For the first time, to our knowledge, we …

In the past decades, efforts to eliminate lead from gasoline, paint and drinking water around
the world have substantially reduced human blood lead levels. This study was therefore …

Multiple studies in India have found elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) in target populations.
However the data have not yet been evaluated to understand population-wide exposure …

Aims Policymakers and researchers have little evidence on prevalence rates of intellectual
disability (ID) or their changes over time to tailor healthcare interventions. Prevalence rates …

Lead is a ubiquitous dietary contaminant that occurs in food because of natural and
anthropogenic sources and pathways of exposure. Lead adversely affects a number of …