Introduction Carotid-cavernous fistulae are rare and affect visual prognosis. Their clinical
presentation is varied and delayed diagnosis is common. They require rapid neuro-radio …

Background Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are complex arteriovenous shunting lesions
of the cavernous sinus with diverse clinical presentations. This study aimed to analyze …

Abstract Background and Purpose To present the first study analyzing the clinical and
radiological course of carotid‐cavernous fistulas (CCFs) following incomplete embolization …

There are two important pathological features associated with carotid-cavernous fistula
(CCF): the retrograde cortical venous drainage that can cause intracranial haemorrhage and …

Purpose: The main objective was to report the epidemiology, clinical manifestations,
angiography features, treatment modality and post-treatment outcomes in patients …

Objective Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are pathologic arteriovenous shunts between
the carotid artery and cavernous sinus. The resulting venous congestion within the …

The diagnosis and treatment of carotid cavernous fistulas (CCF) is an interdisciplinary
challenge for both ophthalmologists and interventional neuroradiologists. According to the …

We reviewed retrospectively the outcomes of interventional endovascular treatment of direct
or dural (indirect) carotid cavernous fistulas in 24 consecutive patients requiring …

Conclusions It is necessary to consider the diagnosis of carotid-cavernous fistulas in
patients complaining of acute alterations of ocular motility, headache and/or other ocular …

Carotid cavernous fistulae (CCF) are dangerous entities that may cause progressive cranial
neuropathy, headache and blindness. Endovascular therapy for CCF is the treatment of …