Aims There are several guidelines that recommend pneumococcal vaccination (PPSV23
and/or PCV13) in adults with a history of cardiovascular disease (established heart failure …

Aims Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of community-acquired
pneumonia (CAP) and CAP-related mortality in adults. Pneumococcal vaccination (PV) …

Background Epidemiological studies suggest that there is a link between pneumococcal
infection and adverse cardiovascular outcomes such as myocardial infarction. Multiple …

Various studies have suggested the possible cardiovascular (CV) protective effects of the
pneumococcal vaccine (PV). Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the …

Background Cardiovascular benefits using the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide
vaccine (PPV23) are controversial. This study assessed clinical effectiveness of PPV23 in …

Animal models and clinical studies suggest a mechanistic link between the pneumococcal
polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) and a cardiovascular protective effect. However, conflicting …

The protective effect of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23)
against cardiovascular disease has been investigated in the United States and Europe; …

Methods| The study design has been described elsewhere. 3 Briefly, this is a closed,
population-based prospective cohort to 9 primary care centers (PCCs) in Tarragona, Spain …

Background: Based on promising results from laboratory studies, we hypothesized that
pneumococcal vaccination would protect patients from myocardial infarction. Methods: We …

Background The 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (PPV-23) is
recommended for elderly and high-risk people, although its effectiveness is controversial …