Plants are organisms composed of modules connected by xylem and phloem transport
streams. Attack by both insects and pathogens elicits sometimes rapid defense responses in …

Roots play a critical, but largely unappreciated, role in aboveground anti‐herbivore plant
defense (eg resistance and tolerance) and root–leaf connections may therefore result in …

The evolution of tolerance is one potential plant response to selection imposed by
herbivores. Plant architecture, and in turn, sectoriality may influence a plant's ability to …

Root herbivores and pathogens play an important role in driving plant abundance, species
diversity, and succession in natural vegetation. Subterranean plant feeders and pathogenic …

Damage inflicted by herbivore feeding necessitates multiple defense strategies in plants.
The wound site must be sealed and defense responses mounted against the herbivore itself …

Highlights•Resources scarcity leads to tradeoffs regulation by plants.•Plant developmental
programs are constrained to tradeoffs with defense systems.•Small molecules hormones …

Belowground-feeding herbivores may be very destructive to plants. Roots are known to
produce various defense compounds to protect themselves against these herbivores, both …

Herbivores can cause numerous changes in primary plant metabolism. Recent studies using
radioisotopes, for example, have found that insect herbivores and related cues can induce …

Plants have a variety of chemical defenses that often increase in concentration following
attack by herbivores. Such induced plant responses can occur aboveground, in the leaves …

Using the short-lived isotope 11C (t1/2= 20.4 min) as 11CO2, we captured temporal
changes in whole-plant carbon movement and partitioning of recently fixed carbon into …