Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an endogenous bile acid, modulates cell death by
interrupting classic pathways of apoptosis. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating …

Bear bile has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for thousands of years due to its
therapeutic potential and clinical applications. The tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), one …

Background Neuronal apoptosis plays a critical event in the pathogenesis of early brain
injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study investigated the roles of …

Neurotoxicity associated with increased glutamate release results in cell death through both
necrotic and apoptotic processes. In addition, tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an …

Objectives In this study, we study the transplantation of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA)‐
induced M2‐phenotype (M2) macrophages and their ability to promote anti …

Calculus bovis is commonly used for the treatment of stroke in traditional Chinese medicine.
Hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) is a bioactive compound extracted from calculus bovis. When …

The present study aimed to investigate the role of gallic acid in oxidative stress induced
during spinal cord injury (SCI). In order to measure oxidative stress, the levels of lipid …

Most neurodegenerative disorders are diseases of protein homeostasis, with misfolded
aggregates accumulating. The neurodegenerative process is mediated by numerous …

Bile acids (BA) are important physiological molecules not only mediating nutrients
absorption and metabolism in peripheral tissues, but exerting neuromodulation effect in the …

Although neurogenesis occurs in restricted regions of the adult mammalian brain, neural
stem cells (NSCs) produce very few neurons during ageing or after injury. We have recently …