During the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, some reports of
data still emerging and in need of full analysis indicate that certain groups of patients are at …

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has already surpassed the combined mortality …

Severe acute respiratory-syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) host cell infection is
mediated by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Systemic dysregulation …

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) a pandemic, and the reality of the situation has finally caught up to the …

Concerns have been raised regarding the safety of angiotensin converting enzyme
inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in patients with coronavirus …

The key link between renin–angiotensin system (RAS) and COVID-19 is ACE2 (angiotensin-
converting enzyme 2), which acts as a double-edged sword, because ACE2 increases the …

Renin–angiotensin system (RAS) blockers are extensively used worldwide to treat many
cardiovascular disorders, where they are effective in reducing both mortality and morbidity …

Background SARS-CoV-2 enters cells by binding of its spike protein to angiotensin-
converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or …

The rapid spread of a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2), has led to an ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) …

According to available clinical data,≈ 15% to 30% of the COVID-19 patients are with
hypertension and≈ 2.5% to 15% are with coronary heart disease. 3–5 …