Hyper soil salinity has emerged as a key abiotic stress factor, and poses serious threats to
crop yields and quality of produce. Owing to the underlying complexity, conventional …

The foremost abiotic stresses, such as salinity and drought, are major limiting factors that
hamper agricultural productivity worldwide (Waadt et al., 2022). Both of these stresses can …

Soil salinity is a prevalent abiotic stress and affects around 20% of the irrigated land
worldwide. Saline soil affects plant mineral nutrition and water uptake capacity. Plants adopt …

Food insecurity is more prominent in developing countries, and the problem is further
worsened by different abiotic stresses that cause a substantial decline in the production of …

Soil salinity adversely affects plant growth, crop yield and the composition of ecosystems.
Salinity stress impacts plants by combined effects of Na+ toxicity and osmotic perturbation …

Soil salinity severely affects plant growth and development and imparts inevitable losses to
crop productivity. Increasing the concentration of salts in the vicinity of plant roots has severe …

Salt stress disturbs the cellular osmotic and ionic balance, which then creates a negative
impact on plant growth and development. The Na+ and Cl− ions can enter into plant cells …

Abiotic stresses, such as drought and salinity, are serious threats to agriculture and the
natural status of the environment. They are recurring features of nearly all the world's …

Salt stress is a major abiotic stress influencing plant growth, development, and crop yield.
Inhibition of photosynthesis, decreased cell growth, cell division, decreased biomass, and …

Salinity is an ever-present major constraint and a major threat to legume crops, particularly
in areas with irrigated agriculture. Legumes demonstrate high sensitivity, especially during …