Sixty-five years after Turing first revealed the potential of systems with local activation and
long-range inhibition to generate pattern, we have only recently begun to identify the …

Patterns describe order which emerges from homogeneity. Complex patterns on the
integument are striking because of their visibility throughout an organism's lifespan. Periodic …

Biological rhythms are involved in almost all types of biological processes, not only
physiological processes but also morphogenesis. Currently, how periodic morphological …

Patterns form with the break of homogeneity and lead to the emergence of new structure or
arrangement. There are different physiological and pathological mechanisms that lead to the …

Two theories address the origin of repeating patterns, such as hair follicles, limb digits, and
intestinal villi, during development. The Turing reaction–diffusion system posits that …

In his seminal 1952 paper,'The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis', Alan Turing lays down a
milestone in the application of theoretical approaches to understand complex biological …

During embryonic development many organs and structures require the formation of series
of repeating elements known as periodic patterns. Ranging from the digits of the limb to the …

Periodic patterning represents a fundamental process in tissue morphogenesis. In chicken
dorsal skin, feather formation starts from the midline; then the morphogenetic wave …

Periodic patterning requires coordinated cell–cell interactions at the tissue level. Turing
showed, using mathematical modeling, how spatial patterns could arise from the reactions of …

Skin patterns are the first example of the existence of Turing patterns in living organisms.
Extensive research on zebrafish, a model organism with stripes on its skin, has revealed the …