The need to assess agreement exists in various clinical studies where quantifying inter‐rater
reliability is of great importance. Use of unscaled agreement indices, such as total deviation …

I provide sample size formulae and tables for the design of studies that compare two or more
coefficients of inter‐observer agreement or concordance. Such studies may arise, for …

Background Cohen's κ coefficient is often used as an index to measure the agreement of
inter-rater determinations. However, κ varies greatly depending on the marginal distribution …

Assessing agreement between the examiners, measurements and instruments are always of
interest to health-care providers as the treatment of patients is highly dependent on the …

Background: Many methods under the umbrella of inter-rater agreement (IRA) have been
proposed to evaluate how well two or more medical experts agree on a set of outcomes. The …

Agreement among at least two evaluators is an issue of prime importance to statisticians,
clinicians, epidemiologists, psychologists, and many other scientists. Measuring …

Background Interrater reliability, aka intercoder reliability, is defined as true agreement
between raters, aka coders, without chance agreement. It is used across many disciplines …

Inter-rater agreement measures are used to estimate the degree of agreement between two
or more assessors. When the agreement table is ordinal, different weight functions that …

In clinical studies, assessing agreement of multiple readings on the same subject plays an
important role in the evaluation of continuous measurement scale. The multiple readings …

OBJECTIVE: Studies measuring interobserver agreement (reliability) are common in clinical
practice, yet discussion of appropriate sample size estimation techniques is minimal as …