Background Necator americanus (hookworm) and Plasmodium falciparum co-infections are
common in endemic communities in rural Ghana. Human immune responses to P …

Abstract Background Plasmodium falciparum and Hookworm infections are prevalent in
West Africa and they cause iron deficiency anemia and protein malnutrition in Children …

Immunity to malaria has a major role in controlling disease and pathogenesis with cytokine
production being involved in almost every phase of the immune response. The present study …

A cross-sectional assessment of some inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis
factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) …

Background Malaria and helminths share the same geographical distribution in tropical
Africa. Studies of the interaction of helminth and malaria co-infection in humans have been …

Background Helminth co-infection in humans is common in tropical regions of the world
where transmission of soil-transmitted helminths such as Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris …

According to the hygiene hypothesis, reduced exposure to infections could explain the rise
of atopic diseases in high-income countries. Helminths are hypothesised to alter the host's …

Background: The cytokines interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor
necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) play an important role in malaria infection. The aim of this study …

Background: Intestinal helminth parasites are potent stimulators of T helper type 2 (Th2) and
regulatory Th3 anti-inflammatory immune responses, while human immunodeficiency virus …

Background: Intestinal helminthic infections are common among children especially in sub
Saharan Africa where they may co-infect with malaria. In co-infections synergistic effects …