Many clinical observations suggest common mediators in the progression of kidney disease
leading to eventual kidney failure. Among them, accumulating evidence emphasizes the role …

Recent studies emphasize the role of chronic hypoxia in the tubulointerstitium as a final
common pathway to end-stage renal failure. When advanced, tubulointerstitial damage is …

Intrarenal oxygen availability is the balance between supply, mainly dependent on renal
blood flow, and demand, determined by the basal metabolic demand and the energy …

In chronic kidney disease, functional impairment correlates with tubulointerstitial fibrosis
characterised by inflammation, accumulation of extracellular matrix, tubular atrophy and …

There are many different glomerular disorders, including glomerulonephritis, diabetic
nephropathy, and hypertensive nephrosclerosis. However, once glomerular damage …

In chronic renal failure (CRF), renal impairment correlates with tubulointerstitial fibrosis
characterized by inflammation, interstitial expansion with accumulation of extracellular …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by irreversible pathological processes that
result in the development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Accumulating evidence has …

Renal fibrosis is the final stage of most progressive kidney diseases. Chronic kidney disease
(CKD) is associated with high comorbidity and mortality. Thus, preventing fibrosis and …

Role of hypoxia in the pathogenesis of renal disease The kidney shows a remarkable
discrepancy between blood supply and oxygenation. Despite high blood flow and oxygen …

Renal fibrosis is the common pathological hallmark of progressive chronic kidney disease
(CKD) with diverse aetiologies. Recent researches have highlighted the critical role of …