Pyrethroid insecticides alter the normal gating of voltage-gated sodium channels in the
nervous system. Three sodium channel mutations (E434K, C764R, L993F) were recently …

Ion channels, many expressed in insect neural and muscular systems, have drawn huge
attention as primary targets of insecticides. With the recent technical breakthroughs in …

Voltage-gated sodium channels are essential for the initiation and propagation of the action
potential in neurons and other excitable cells. Because of their critical roles in electrical …

Mutations in sodium channels are known to confer knockdown resistance to pyrethroid
insecticides, such as permethrin and cypermethrin, in various agricultural pests and disease …

The insect nervous system is the site of action of all major classes of insecticides currently in
use, and as such is the site of insecticide resistance mechanisms that involve modified target …

The synthetic pyrethroids exert potent and selective actions on nerve membrane sodium
channels.(+)-trans tetramethrin and (+)-trans allethrin cause repetitive discharges to be …

Decarbomethoxyllated JW062 (DCJW), the active component of a new oxadiazine
insecticide DPX‐JW062 (Indoxacarb), was tested on action potentials and the inward …

It is now well established that the voltage-activated sodium channels and the GABA-
activated chloride channels are the major target sites of certain insecticides. Pyrethroids …

Pyrethroids are commonly regarded as safe insecticides. However, some widely used
pyrethroids, particularly single neurotoxic isomers of potent Type II compounds, have acute …

Sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs) are a relatively new class of insecticides that
are represented by two commercially registered compounds, indoxacarb and …