Vaccines are one of the most powerful technologies supporting public health. The adaptive
immune response induced by immunization arises following appropriate activation and …

Vaccination is one of the most efficient public healthcare measures to fight infectious
diseases. Nevertheless, the immune mechanisms induced in vivo by vaccination are still …

The need to optimize vaccine potency while minimizing toxicity in healthy recipients has
motivated studies of the formulation of vaccines to control how, when, and where antigens …

Researchers working on the development of vaccines face an inherent dilemma: to
maximize immunogenicity without compromising safety and tolerability. Early vaccines often …

The immune system is a network of specialized cell types and tissues that communicates via
cytokines and direct contact, to orchestrate specific types of defensive responses. Until …

The immune system is one of the most important, complex biological networks regulating
and protecting human health. Its precise modulation can prevent deadly infections and fight …

Vaccines represent a potent tool to prevent or contain infectious diseases with high
morbidity or mortality. However, despite their widespread use, we still have a limited …

Most vaccines require multiple doses to induce long-lasting protective immunity in a high
frequency of vaccines, and to ensure strong both individual and herd immunity. Repetitive …

Vaccines represent one of the most compelling examples of how biomedical research has
improved society by saving lives and dramatically reducing the burden of infectious disease …

Vaccines represent one of the greatest triumphs of modern medicine. Despite the common
origins of vaccinology and immunology more than 200 years ago, the two disciplines have …