In this review, we report existing preclinical evidence on how the CNS compartment as well
as sex affect microglia functions in health. We highlight that recent advances in …

Microglia are implicated as primarily detrimental in pain models; however, they exist across
a continuum of states that contribute to homeostasis or pathology depending on timing and …

Pain is a main symptom in inflammation, and inflammation induces pain via inflammatory
mediators acting on nociceptive neurons. Macrophages and microglia are distinct cell types …

Chronic pain is a major public health problem that currently lacks effective treatment options.
Here, a method that can modulate chronic pain-like behaviour induced by nerve injury in …

Pain is an essential modality of sensation in the body. Purinergic signaling plays an
important role in nociceptive pain transmission, under both physiological and …

Neuropathic pain is a highly debilitating chronic pain state that is a consequence of nerve
injury or of diseases such as diabetes, cancer, infection, autoimmune disease, or trauma …

Neuropathic pain is a challenging clinical problem and remains difficult to treat. Altered gene
expression in peripheral sensory nerves and neurons due to nerve injury is well …

Pain plays an indispensable role as an alarm system to protect us from dangers or injuries.
However, neuropathic pain, a debilitating pain condition caused by damage to the nervous …

Supported by the Wellcome Trust (WT081553AIA and Travel fellowship to Anna Clark,
WT093173/Z/10/Z); MRC grant MR/M023893/1, ARUK grants MP/18277 and 20020 …

Effective treatments for patients suffering from chronic pain remain an area of intense focus
within the pharmaceutical industry, as the development of novel therapies would help to …