Pollution of the environment with the toxic heavy metals has become one of the major
causes for worry for human health in both emerging and advanced countries. Metal …

Plants have developed sophisticated mechanisms to tightly control the acquisition and
distribution of copper and iron in response to environmental fluctuations. Recent studies with …

Metals contaminate the soil when present in high concentrations causing soil and ultimately
environmental pollution.“Phytoremediation” is the use of plants to remove pollutants from …

Worldwide, the effects of metal and metalloid toxicity are increasing, mainly due to
anthropogenic causes. Soil contamination ranks among the most important factors, since it …

Whilst heavy metal phytotoxicity has been known for more than a century, it is astonishing
that interest in the effects of heavy metals on organisms has only recently received added …

Metal hyperaccumulator plants accumulate and detoxify extraordinarily high concentrations
of metal ions in their shoots. Metal hyperaccumulation is a fascinating phenomenon, which …

Copper is an essential metal for plants. It plays key roles in photosynthetic and respiratory
electron transport chains, in ethylene sensing, cell wall metabolism, oxidative stress …

Metal contamination issues are becoming increasingly common in India and elsewhere, with
many documented cases of metal toxicity in mining industries, foundries, smelters, coal …

Micronutrients like copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), and Zinc (Zn) are essential for
plants, and their functions are tightly linked for vital metabolism. The normal concentration …

Trace metal elements are essential for plant growth but become toxic at high concentrations,
while some non-essential elements, such as Cd and As, show toxicity even in traces. Thus …