Minimally invasive techniques are becoming more widespread in the surgical
subspecialtics. Standard open surgical procedures are being modified to become less …

Few neurosurgeons practicing today have had training in the field of endoscopic spine
surgery during residency or fellowship. Nevertheless, over the past 40 years individual spine …

Study Design. A prospective multicenter study on 100 consecutive surgical procedures.
Objectives. A prospective multicenter study was per formed to evaluate the early …

Abstract COMPLICATIONS OF MINIMALLY invasive spinal surgery can be related to
anesthesia, patient positioning, and surgical technique. The performance of successful …

S20 of endoscopic examinations and treatments. The first minimally invasive procedures
using a visualization system were performed laparoscopically. Professor Kurt Semm …

Innovations in the development of endoscopic spinal surgery were classified into different
generations and reviewed. Future developments and directions for endoscopic spinal …

Background Since 1996, we have applied endoscopic techniques to the treatment of various
spinal disorders. The purpose of this study was to clarify the complications of endoscopic …

The aging population around the world leads to increasing incidence of degenerative spinal
conditions. There is a need for a minimally invasive technique in treatment for spinal …

Background This report was conducted to elucidate the current status of spinal endoscopic
surgery and relevant incidents through analysis of the results of a questionnaire survey …

This book aims to familiarize readers with the overall scope of endoscopic surgeries for the
treatment of various types of spinal disease. State of the art techniques for minimally …