Air pollution is composed of particulate matter (PM) and gaseous pollutants, such as
nitrogen dioxide and ozone. PM is classified according to size into coarse particles (PM 10) …

It is well recognized that the exposure to air pollution is associated with many adverse
effects on health. A strong epidemiological association has been particularly observed …

Cardiology is a newcomer to environmental sciences. We aim to propose an original review
of the scientific evidence regarding the effects of the environment on cardiovascular health …

Air pollution is increasingly recognized as an important and modifiable determinant of
cardiovascular disease in urban communities. Acute exposure has been linked to a range of …

Air pollution has a great impact on health, representing one of the leading causes of death
worldwide. Previous experimental and epidemiological studies suggested the role of …

It is well known that exposure to particulate air pollutants is associated with the development
of adverse health effects. In particular, there is growing evidence of a close relationship …

Background Studies have shown that long‐term exposure to air pollution such as fine
particulate matter (≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter [PM 2.5]) increases the risk of all …

Particulate matter (PM) air pollution is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular
morbidity and mortality. The focus of this review will be on the role that both acute and …

Air pollution is a heterogeneous, complex mixture of gases, liquids, and particulate matter.
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a consistent increased risk for cardiovascular …

CONCLUSIONS: Environmental air pollution is associated with increased risk of
cardiovascular diseases. Environmental pollution exerts its detrimental effects on the heart …