Toll-like receptors (TLR) sense a variety of microbial products and play an important role in
the mounting of innate and adaptive immune responses. TLR1 to TLR9 are common in mice …

Summary Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is an innate immune receptor for single-stranded RNA
(ssRNA) and has important roles in infectious diseases. We previously reported that TLR7 …

Oligonucleotides containing an immune-stimulatory motif and an immune-regulatory motif
act as antagonists of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and TLR9. In the present study, we designed …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key receptors for the activation of immune responses directed
against pathogens. Among the more than 10 identified TLRs, TLR4 is the most unique …

The Toll‐like receptor (TLR) family acts as a bridge connecting innate and acquired
immunity. TLR10 remains one of the least understood members of this family. Some studies …

Activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) on cells of the innate immune system initiates,
amplifies, and directs the antigen-specific acquired immune response. Ligands that …

Toll-like receptor (TLR)-7 agonists are immunostimulatory vaccine adjuvants. A systematic
structure–activity relationship (SAR) study of TLR7-active 1-benzyl-2-butyl-1 H-imidazo [4, 5 …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionary conserved transmembrane proteins that
recognize a unique pattern of molecules derived from pathogens or damaged cells …

The remarkable discovery of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) over the past 5 years has opened
up an entirely new era in the understanding of the molecular events that initiate the …

Innate responses to microbes are mediated in large part by toll-like receptors (TLRs), which
recognise a diverse range of molecules produced by viruses, bacteria and fungi. Great effort …