Plants respond to multiple simultaneous stresses in a complex manner that is different to that
for individual stresses, and not merely additive. This is particularly true for concurrent biotic …

In the wake of shrinking arable land and widespread changes in climate, global agriculture
is threatened. Global losses in agricultural production due to abiotic stresses are estimated …

Plants in their natural environment are constantly subjected to various abiotic and biotic
stressors and, therefore, have developed several defense mechanisms to maintain fitness …

Plants are constantly confronted to both abiotic and biotic stresses that seriously reduce their
productivity. Plant responses to these stresses are complex and involve numerous …

Crop plants under natural conditions often encounter abiotic and biotic stresses either
individually or in combination, single or multiple times in their life cycle. During their …

Environmental stresses represent the most limiting factors for agricultural productivity. Apart
from biotic stress caused by plant pathogens, there are a number of abiotic stresses such as …

Plant responses to different stresses are highly complex and involve changes at the
transcriptome, cellular, and physiological levels. Recent evidence shows that plants respond …

Organisms are under strong selection to respond adaptively to environmental stress, even
when different stresses occur simultaneously or in rapid succession, as they often do in …

In nature, plants are exposed to an ever-changing environment with increasing frequencies
of multiple abiotic stresses. These abiotic stresses act either in combination or sequentially …

Plants are subjected to numerous environmental stresses, which can be classified into two
broad areas: abiotic and biotic stresses. While the first is considered the damage done to an …