Melanogenesis is mostly studied in melanocytes and melanoma cells, but much less is
known about other pigment cell systems. Liver, spleen, kidney, and other organs of lower …

Melanin and the process of melanin synthesis or melanogenesis have central roles in the
immune system of insects, and production of melanin-synthesizing enzymes from their …

The present study was performed to address putative links between the immune and
pigmentary systems. A pigment-producing leukocyte-like cell-line (SHK-1 cells) of Atlantic …

Infectious diseases and breeding conditions can influence fish health status. Furthermore it
is well known that human and animal health are strongly correlated. In lower vertebrates …

The morphological and biochemical characteristics of pigment accumulations found in the
kidney, liver, spleen, and mesentery of three different species of teleost fishes have been …

In ectothermic vertebrates, visceral organs harbor melanin‐containing cells. Their ability as
pigment producers is nevertheless disputed. To address expression of the key genes for …

Melanin comprises a complex group of pigmented polymers whose primary function is
ascribed to dermal solar protection, but may also have an interesting role in innate immunity …

Chromatophores are large, stellate and spectacular pigment bearing cells, typically located
in the skin, that generate body colouration. In many animals, melanocytesa …

Pigment pattern defects are one of the leading causes of performance loss in aquaculture.
Thus, despite the improved methodologies for farming of marine and fresh water fish …

Melanin-bearing macrophages first appear within fish haemopoietic tissues at a time
following first feeding. Immunological maturity appears to be attained at first feeding and the …