Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain induces macrophage alternative activation as a survival mechanism

KA Shirey, LE Cole, AD Keegan… - The Journal of …, 2008 - journals.aai.org
Francisella tularensis (Ft), the causative agent of tularemia, elicits a potent inflammatory
response early in infection, yet persists within host macrophages and can be lethal if left …

Modulation of virulence factors in Francisella tularensis determines human macrophage responses

PE Carlson Jr, JA Carroll, DM O'Dee, GJ Nau - Microbial pathogenesis, 2007 - Elsevier
Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia and Category A biodefense agent, is
known to replicate within host macrophages, though the pathogenesis of this organism is …

Innate immune response to Francisella tularensis is mediated by TLR2 and caspase-1 activation

H Li, S Nookala, XR Bina, JE Bina… - Journal of leukocyte …, 2006 - academic.oup.com
Francisella tularensis, a gram-negative, facultative, intracellular bacterium, is the etiologic
agent of tularemia and a category A bioterrorism agent. Little is known about the mechanism …

Immunologic consequences of Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain infection: role of the innate immune response in infection and immunity

LE Cole, KL Elkins, SM Michalek, N Qureshi… - The Journal of …, 2006 - journals.aai.org
Abstract Francisella tularensis (Ft), a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium, is the etiologic
agent of tularemia. Although attenuated for humans, ip infection of mice with< 10 Ft live …

The live vaccine strain of Francisella tularensis replicates in human and murine macrophages but induces only the human cells to secrete proinflammatory cytokines

CE Bolger, CA Forestal, JK Italo… - Journal of leukocyte …, 2005 - academic.oup.com
Francisella tularensis is the highly infectious agent of tularemia, a disease that can prove
fatal in humans. An attenuated live vaccine strain (LVS) of this bacterium is avirulent in man …

In vivo modulation of the murine immune response to Francisella tularensis LVS by administration of anticytokine antibodies

DA Leiby, AH Fortier, RM Crawford… - Infection and …, 1992 - Am Soc Microbiol
The role (s) of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and
interleukin-4 (IL-4) in establishment and maintenance of protective immunity to Francisella …

Toll-Like Receptor 2 Is Required for Inflammatory Responses to Francisella tularensis LVS

J Katz, P Zhang, M Martin, SN Vogel… - Infection and …, 2006 - Am Soc Microbiol
Francisella tularensis, a gram-negative bacterium, is the etiologic agent of tularemia and has
recently been classified as a category A bioterrorism agent. Infections with F. tularensis …

Antigen-specific B-1a antibodies induced by Francisella tularensis LPS provide long-term protection against F. tularensis LVS challenge

LE Cole, Y Yang, KL Elkins… - Proceedings of the …, 2009 - National Acad Sciences
Francisella tularensis (Ft), a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium, is the etiologic agent of
tularemia. Infection of mice with< 10 Ft Live Vaccine Strain (Ft LVS) organisms ip causes a …

Toll-Like Receptor 2-Mediated Signaling Requirements for Francisella tularensis Live Vaccine Strain Infection of Murine Macrophages

LE Cole, KA Shirey, E Barry, A Santiago… - Infection and …, 2007 - Am Soc Microbiol
Francisella tularensis, an aerobic, non-spore-forming, gram-negative coccobacillus, is the
causative agent of tularemia. We reported previously that F. tularensis live vaccine strain …

Francisella tularensis LVS initially activates but subsequently down-regulates intracellular signaling and cytokine secretion in mouse monocytic and human peripheral …

M Telepnev, I Golovliov, A Sjöstedt - Microbial pathogenesis, 2005 - Elsevier
Monocytic cells constitute an important defense mechanism against invading pathogens by
recognizing conserved pathogens components. The recognition leads to activation of …