Objective To explore biomarkers that are candidates for understanding potential
degeneration to malignancy of vocal fold leukoplakia (VFL), with the goal of guiding future …

ObjectiveTo evaluate risk factors for poor prognosis in vocal fold leukoplakia.
MethodsClinical data were collected for 344 patients with vocal fold leukoplakia who …

Background Vocal cord leukoplakia comprises a variety of lesions. The purpose of this study
was to stratify vocal leukoplakias before surgery. Methods Patients with an initial diagnosis …

Vocal fold leukoplakia is the clinical term for a whitish patch on the vocal fold mucosa. It is
caused by prolonged tobacco smoking, consumption of alcohol, and excessive drying or …

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of preoperative peripheral inflammatory markers
in patients with vocal fold leukoplakia. Methods A retrospective study was performed of the …

Introduction: There is still no general method for discriminating between benign and
malignant leukoplakia and identifying vocal fold leukoplakia. Objective: To evaluate the …

Histological examination of biopsy shows usefulness in the diagnosis of vocal cord
leukoplakia; however, in considerable amount of cases, the examination cannot provide …

Introduction Discerning the preoperative nature of vocal fold leukoplakia (VFL) with a
substantial degree of certainty is fundamental, seeing that the histological diagnosis of VFL …

Objective. To assess the effectiveness and identify vocal fold leukoplakia types appropriate
for nonsurgical treatment. Methods. The vocal fold leukoplakia in 178 patients was divided …

Objective To investigate the sensitivity of laryngeal findings in predicting high‐grade
dysplasia/carcinoma in situ (CIS) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in patients with vocal …