Pulmonary problems are among the most common chronic complications of sulfur mustard
(SM) intoxication and adversely affect patients' quality-of-life. The present trial investigated …

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a blistering chemical agent which has short and long term toxicity
against many organs. The respiratory tract is one of the main targets, and is the most …

Respiratory complications are the foremost long term debilitating effects after sulfur mustard
toxicity. The underlying immunological mechanisms of sulfur mustard induced lung damage …

Sulfur mustard (SM) has short-and long-term toxicity against various organs including the
respiratory system. However, the basic and molecular mechanisms of SM long-term toxicity …

Sulfur mustard (SM) causes late complications in respiratory system of exposed individuals.
In this preliminary study, the levels of IL-1α and β, TNF, IL-1Ra, IL-6 and fibrinogen in the …

BACKGROUND: Sulfur mustard (SM) is an alkylating chemical warfare agent that was
widely used during World War I and by Iraqi forces against Iranian soldiers. We aimed to …

Sulfur mustard (SM)-induced lung injury has been associated with protease activation,
oxidative injury and inflammatory response culminating in tissue necrosis. The protease …

Sulfur mustard (SM) is one of the major potent chemical warfare that caused the death of
victims in World War I and the Iraq-Iran conflict (1980–1988). The respiratory system is the …

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a bifunctional alkylating agent that causes severe injury to the
respiratory tract. This is accompanied by an accumulation of macrophages in the lung and …

Background Sulfur mustard (SM) is a powerful blistering chemical warfare agent that has
genotoxic effects. Cells with excessive proliferation such as lymphocytes may inherit this …