Environmental enrichment (EE) has beneficial neurobiological, physiological and behavioral
effects. The purpose of the present paper is to review the animal research literature …

Environmental enrichment (EE) is an experimental animal model that enhances an animal's
opportunity to interact with sensory, motor, and social stimuli, compared to standard …

The provision of environmental enrichment (EE) for laboratory rats is recommended in
European guidelines governing laboratory animal welfare. It is believed the EE …

Environmental enrichment (EE) increases stimulation and provides richer sensory, cognitive
and motor opportunities through the interaction with the social and physical environment. EE …

Stress exposure can produce profound changes in physiology and behavior that can impair
health and well-being. Of note, stress exposure is linked to anxiety disorders and depression …

Experimental environmental enrichment (EE) is usually applied in adulthood or immediately
after weaning, with robust effects on physiology and behaviour. To investigate the effects of …

The importance of environment in the regulation of brain, behaviour and physiology has
long been recognized in biological, social and medical sciences. Animals maintained under …

Background: In recent decades, the interest in behavioral interventions has been growing
due to the higher prevalence of age-related cognitive impairments. Hence, behavioral …

Abstract Environmental enrichment (“EE”) is expected to alleviate the negative effects of
stress on cognitive performance. However, there are complexities associated with …

Early life stress is associated with long-term and pervasive adverse effects on
neuroendocrine development, affecting normal cognitive and emotional development …