Natural selection alters the distribution of a trait in a population and indirectly alters the
distribution of genetically correlated traits. Long‐standing models of thermal adaptation …

Metazoans must develop from zygotes to feeding organisms. In doing so, developing
offspring consume up to 60% of the energy provided by their parent. The cost of …

Studies have typically used shifts in mean temperatures to make predictions about the biotic
impacts of climate change. Though shifts in mean temperatures correlate with changes in …

Across a range of taxa, individuals within a species differ in suites of correlated traits. These
trait complexes, known as syndromes, can have dramatic evolutionary consequences as …

Environmental fluctuations can select for generalism, which is also hypothesized to increase
organisms' ability to invade novel environments. Here, we show that across a range of …

Experimental microbial evolution has focused on the particular ecological scenario where a
population is placed suddenly in an environment where its fitness is low, and then adapts …

The impact of warming on the persistence and distribution of ectotherms is often forecasted
from their warming tolerance, inferred as the difference between their upper thermal limit …

Optimality models constitute one of the simplest approaches to understanding phenotypic
evolution. Yet they have shortcomings that are not easily evaluated in most organisms. Most …

Tropical ectotherms are thought to be especially vulnerable to climate change because they
are adapted to relatively stable temperature regimes, such that even small increases in …

Researchers commonly rely on indices of heat tolerance to infer the limits of performance in
nature. Unfortunately, many methods are used to estimate heat tolerance, creating …