Neuroinflammation-induced lymphangiogenesis near the cribriform plate contributes to drainage of CNS-derived antigens and immune cells

M Hsu, A Rayasam, JA Kijak, YH Choi… - Nature …, 2019 - nature.com
There are no conventional lymphatic vessels within the CNS parenchyma, although it has
been hypothesized that lymphatics near the cribriform plate or dura maintain fluid …

Understanding the functions and relationships of the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatics

A Louveau, BA Plog, S Antila, K Alitalo… - The Journal of …, 2017 - Am Soc Clin Investig
Recent discoveries of the glymphatic system and of meningeal lymphatic vessels have
generated a lot of excitement, along with some degree of skepticism. Here, we summarize …

Trafficking of immune cells in the central nervous system

EH Wilson, W Weninger… - The Journal of clinical …, 2010 - Am Soc Clin Investig
The CNS is an immune-privileged environment, yet the local control of multiple pathogens is
dependent on the ability of immune cells to access and operate within this site. However …

Pathophysiology of the lymphatic drainage of the central nervous system: Implications for pathogenesis and therapy of multiple sclerosis

RO Weller, I Galea, RO Carare, A Minagar - Pathophysiology, 2010 - Elsevier
In most organs of the body, immunological reactions involve the drainage of antigens and
antigen presenting cells (APCs) along defined lymphatic channels to regional lymph nodes …

Immune dynamics in the CNS and its barriers during homeostasis and disease

MW Buckley, DB McGavern - Immunological reviews, 2022 - Wiley Online Library
The central nervous system (CNS) has historically been viewed as an immunologically
privileged site, but recent studies have uncovered a vast landscape of immune cells that …

Capture, crawl, cross: the T cell code to breach the blood–brain barriers

B Engelhardt, RM Ransohoff - Trends in immunology, 2012 - cell.com
The central nervous system (CNS) is an immunologically privileged site to which access of
circulating immune cells is tightly controlled by the endothelial blood–brain barrier (BBB; see …

[PDF][PDF] Lymphatic vessels of the dura mater: a new discovery?

F Bucchieri, F Farina, G Zummo, F Cappello - Journal of Anatomy, 2015 - core.ac.uk
Dear Editor, Two recent papers (Aspelund et al. 2015; Louveau et al. 2015) reported the
presence in mice of lymphatics in the cerebral dura mater, the most external of the …

Where are we? The anatomy of the murine cortical meninges revisited for intravital imaging, immunology, and clearance of waste from the brain

JA Coles, E Myburgh, JM Brewer… - Progress in …, 2017 - Elsevier
Rapid progress is being made in understanding the roles of the cerebral meninges in the
maintenance of normal brain function, in immune surveillance, and as a site of disease. Most …

CNS-draining meningeal lymphatic vasculature: roles, conundrums and future challenges

SP das Neves, N Delivanoglou… - Frontiers in …, 2021 - frontiersin.org
A genuine and functional lymphatic vascular system is found in the meninges that sheath the
central nervous system (CNS). This unexpected (re) discovery led to a reevaluation of CNS …

Perivascular spaces and the two steps to neuroinflammation

T Owens, I Bechmann… - Journal of Neuropathology …, 2008 - academic.oup.com
Immune cells enter the central nervous system (CNS) from the circulation under normal
conditions for immunosurveillance and in inflammatory neurologic diseases. This review …