Several animal studies have demonstrated that most routinely used general anesthetics
induce widespread neuroapoptosis and long-term neurocognitive impairment in the …

Anesthesia kills neurons in the brain of infantile animals, including primates, and causes
permanent and progressive neurocognitive decline. The anesthesia community and …

Neuronal cell death after general anesthesia has recently been demonstrated in neonatal
animal models. The possibility of anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity during an uneventful …

Studies on rodents and subhuman primates suggest that prolonged exposure to general
anesthetics may induce widespread neuronal cell death and neurological sequelae; …

Millions of human infants receive general anesthetics for surgery or diagnostic procedures
every year worldwide, and there is a growing inquietude regarding the safety of these drugs …

General anesthetics mitigate distress and exaggerated hemodynamic responses to pain and
stressful stimulation, allowing surgery and diagnostic procedures to be performed worldwide …

BACKGROUND: Neuronal cell death after general anesthesia has recently been
documented in several immature animal models. Worldwide, volatile anesthetics are used in …

A multitude of animal studies have shown that virtually all general anesthetics used in
clinical practice possibly during a vulnerable period of brain development (ie, brain growth …

Experimental data with reasonable translational relevance suggest that early-life exposure
to general anesthetics can induce lasting behavioral and cognitive deficits. In contrast …

Advances have been made in the field of developmental anesthetic neurotoxicity over the
past few years, including the recognition that anesthetic exposure is associated with deficits …