The presence of sub‐Saharan L‐type mtDNA sequences in North Africa has traditionally
been explained by the recent slave trade. However, gene flow between sub‐Saharan and …

Summary The Chad Basin was sparsely inhabited during the Stone Age, and its continual
settlement began with the Holocene. The role played by Lake Chad in the history and …

The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genetic system has long proven to be useful for studying
the demographic history of our species, since their proposed Southeast/East African origin …

Although fossil remains show that anatomically modern humans dispersed out of Africa into
the Near East∼ 100 to 130 ka, genetic evidence from extant populations has suggested that …

Abstract The Great Lakes lie within a region of East Africa with very high human genetic
diversity, home of many ethno-linguistic groups usually assumed to be the product of a small …

Genetic studies have emphasized the contrast between North African and sub-Saharan
populations, but the particular affinities of the North African mtDNA pool to that of Europe, the …

Human population movements in North Africa have been mostly restricted to an east‐west
direction due to the geographical barriers imposed by the Sahara Desert and the …

Studies of human mitochondrial (mt) DNA genomes demonstrate that the root of the human
phylogenetic tree occurs in Africa. Although 2 mtDNA lineages with an African origin …

From the 16th to the 19th century,∼ 4 million slaves were transported from sub-Saharan
Africa to Brazil. With the use of historical records, it is possible to estimate that∼ 65% of …

The hypervariable region‐1 and four nucleotide positions (10400, 10873, 12308, and
12705) of the coding region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were analyzed in 441 …