Mobility is essential to the fitness of many animals, and the costs of locomotion can dominate
daily energy budgets. Locomotor costs are determined by the physiological demands of …

A variety of fish species show habitat-related variation in traits associated with swimming
performance and foraging behavior. This commonly manifests as a distinction between open …

As their swimming speed increased, bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) switched from
pectoral-fin-powered labriform swimming to undulations of the body axis. This gait transition …

Locomotion is energetically expensive. This may create selection pressures that favor
economical locomotor strategies, such as the adoption of low-cost speeds and efficient …

Several measures have been developed to quantify swimming performance to understand
various aspects of ecology and behaviour, as well as to help design functional applications …

Past study of interspecific variation in the swimming speed of fishes has focused on internal
physiological mechanisms that may limit the ability of locomotor muscle to generate power …

Skeletal muscle has diverse mechanical roles during locomotion. In swimming fish, power-
producing muscles work in concert with the accessory muscles of the fins which augment …

Locomotion dominates animal energy budgets, and selection should favour behaviours that
minimize transportation costs. Recent fieldwork has altered our understanding of the …

Bluegill sunfish Lepomis macrochirus exhibit intraspecific variation in their morphology and
swimming performance based on habitat. The pelagic form has a relatively streamlined …

Bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) swim in the labriform mode at low speeds,
generating lift and thrust by beating their pectoral fins. The maximal power output available …