Background Bacillus cereus is an important pathogen that causes human food poisoning,
specifically diarrhea and vomiting. B. cereus can also induce mastitis in dairy cows and has …

Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is a Gram-positive intracellular foodborne
pathogen that causes severe diseases, such as meningitis and sepsis. The NLR family pyrin …

A strain of lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus paracasei KW3110 (KW3110), activates M2
macrophages with anti-inflammatory reactions and mitigates aging-related chronic …

Aeromonas sobria, a common conditional pathogenic bacteria, is widely distributed in the
environment and causes gastroenteritis in humans or septicemia in fish. Of all Aeromonas …

Inflammatory responses elicited by LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3)
inflammasome is induced by a wide variety of stress signals including infectious agents and …

The innate immune system acts as the first line of defense against infection. One key
component of the innate immune response to gram-negative bacterial infections is …

Pyroptosis induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has an obvious impact on intestinal
inflammation and immune regulation. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88 has …

Innate immune cells sense and respond to the cytoplasmic infection of bacterial pathogens
through NLRP3, NLRC4 or AIM2 inflammasome depending on the unique molecular pattern …

Infection of human macrophages with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.
Typhimurium) leads to inflammasome activation. Inflammasomes are multiprotein …

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a Gram-negative bacterium, which acts as an
opportunistic pathogen and causes hospital-acquired pneumonia and bacteremia by …