Someone once told me that if I give a speech with 100 people in an audience, I will give 100
different speeches. I'm not sure if the same is true when you write an article for publication …

The purpose of this article is to address some of the issues raised by Samdahl and
Jekubovich (1997) in their critique of leisure constraints research. I suggest that the authors …

High levels of constraint have been assumed to lead to restricted engagement in leisure
activities. In this study, data from a questionnaire survey conducted in Stoke-on-Trent …

The purpose of this article is to modify a conceptualization of leisure constraints offered by
Crawford and Godbey (1987). It is suggested that Crawford and Godbey's three discrete …

As part of the ongoing process of concept refinement in leisure constraints research, this
article addresses the issue of the internal homogeneity of constrained leisure, first examined …

This paper provides a brief review of past research on leisure constraints, paying particular
attention to conceptual and analytical issues and to the practical applications of investigating …

This paper considers reported constraints to participation in terms of leisure activity and
demographic characteristics. A regionally stratified random sample of 2024 Ontario …

Leisure constraints research aims to investigate and understand the factors that are
assumed by researchers and perceived by individuals to inhibit or prohibit participation and …

Signs of advancements in an academic discipline or fi eld of interest such as leisure studies
occur in several important ways. The most obvious appears in the form of original empirical …

This article assesses the status of hierarchical leisure constraints theory (Crawford &
Godbey, 1987; Crawford, Jackson, & Godbey, 1991) regarding many issues. Such issues …