The paper focuses on one aspect of non-participation, namely ceasing participation in
leisure activities. In the first part of the paper, the phenomenon is examined from a …

Although identified in the definition of leisure constraints, leisure enjoyment has been rarely
studied as an outcome of constraints and constraint negotiation. The purpose of this paper …

Despite a flurry of recent publications, sport tourism is still in its infancy as an area of
academic investigation. As such, it is characterized by ideographic studies which have merit …

The purpose of this study was to test a model of the leisure constraint negotiation process
proposed by Hubbard and Mannell. A multidimensional measure of physically active leisure …

Kyle and Jun raised a serious question against the way researchers have specified leisure
constraints measurement model: Leisure constraints measures should be formatively …

The purpose of the investigation was to examine the effect of constraints on the development
of enduring involvement and commitment to a service provider. Two models were …

This study extends previous research on leisure constraints by developing a new, theory-
based, inventory of intrapersonal leisure constraints items using the theory of planned …

The term “need” is frequently encountered in the literature relating to recreation research
and planning, and yet only rarely is it defined with any degree of precision. Bradshaw's …

This paper tests Jackson's (1993) conceptualization of the dimensionality of leisure
constraints by seeking to examine his findings on the importance of viewing constraints from …

In recent years there has been concern about the need to strengthen the theoretical
foundations of leisure research. The premises of symbolic interaction theory may offer a …