This paper reviews the chemistry, metabolism, and molecular biology of folic acid, with a
particular emphasis on how it is, or may be, involved in many disease processes. Folic acid …

Tetrahydrofolate (THF) polyglutamates are a family of cofactors that carry and chemically
activate one‐carbon units for biosynthesis. THF‐mediated one‐carbon metabolism is a …

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase
catalyze the penultimate and ultimate steps in the biosynthesis of methionine in prokaryotes …

Background Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential cofactor in several metabolic pathways.
Intracellular conversion of cobalamin to its two coenzymes, adenosylcobalamin in …

1. The isolated perfused rat liver and suspensions of isolated rat hepatocytes fail to form
glucose from histidine, in contrast with the liver in vivo. Both rat liver preparations readily …

This review gives an overview of clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome of nutritional
and acquired cobalamin (Cbl; synonym: vitamin B12) deficiencies, inborn errors of Cbl …

Vitamin B12-dependent methionine synthase catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from
methyltetrahydrofolate to homocysteine via the enzyme-bound cofactor methylcobalamin. To …

Adenosylcobalamin-dependent methylmalonyl-CoA mutase catalyzes the interconversion of
methylmalonyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA. In humans, deficiencies in the mutase lead to …

Mammalian cells require activated folates to generate nucleotides for growth and division.
The most abundant circulating folate species is 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate (5-methyl-THF) …

Background Remethylation defects are rare inherited disorders in which impaired
remethylation of homocysteine to methionine leads to accumulation of homocysteine and …