OBJECTIVES Pramipexole, a non-ergot dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist, was investigated
as an add on drug in advanced parkinsonian patients with motor fluctuations to assess …

Objective: Fipamezole, a selective α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, reduced levodopa-
induced dyskinesias (LID) in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned …

The questions of when and how to start treatment for Parkinson disease (PD) remain
extremely challenging. A variety of treatment-and patient-related factors must be taken into …

Objective: To study the long-term effects of selegiline in monotherapy and in combination
with levodopa in the early phase of Parkinson disease (PD). Methods: One hundred fifty …

We evaluated the efficacy, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of pramipexole, a novel
dopamine D 2 receptor agonist, in early Parkinson's disease (PD). The study design was a …

Brain iron accumulation has been implicated in a host of chronic neurological diseases,
including Parkinson's disease (PD). The elevated iron levels observed in the substantia …

In the controlled trial Deprenyl and Tocopherol Antioxidative Therapy of Parkinsonism
(DATATOP), 310 of the 800 enrolled subjects did not reach the primary end point of disability …

OBJECTIVE: 6002-US-051 was a 12-week, double-blind study evaluating the safety and
efficacy of istradefylline, a selective A2A adenosine receptor antagonist, as monotherapy in …

Importance Many people with Parkinson disease (PD) develop motor complications that are
uncontrolled by levodopa dose adjustment. Among these patients, it is uncertain which drug …

Levodopa therapy, as originally established by George Cotzias [2, 3], is the most powerful
treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). Levodopa's toxicity to neurons in vitro has raised …