Understanding the mechanisms underlying autoantibody development will accelerate
therapeutic target identification in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus …

Elevated CXCL13 within the central nervous system (CNS) correlates with humoral
responses in several neuroinflammatory diseases, yet its role is controversial. During …

The ELR+ CXC chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL2 are up-regulated in the central nervous
system (CNS) during multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease of the central nervous
system (CNS). Bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) rapidly …

Monocytes are circulating, short-lived mononuclear phagocytes, which in mice and man
comprise two main subpopulations. Murine Ly6C+ monocytes display developmental …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions that do not resolve in the months after they form harbour
ongoing demyelination and axon degeneration, and are identifiable in vivo by their …

Innate immunity is the first line of defense and is rapidly responsive to danger signals from
microbial pathogens and tissue injury. The mononuclear phagocyte system encompasses …

The chemokine CXCL4 activates myeloid cells and contributes to the pathogenesis of
inflammatory and fibrotic diseases. One mechanism of CXCL4 action is binding of nucleic …

Structurally related chemotactic cytokines (chemokines) regulate cell trafficking through
interactions with 7-transmembrane domain, G protein-coupled receptors. Biased signaling …

The approximately 50 known chemokines are classified in distinct subfamilies: CXC, CC,
CX3C, and C. Although the signaling of chemokines often is promiscuous, signaling events …